高级架构师高频题型总结
选择题
面向对象
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在 UML 用例图中,参与者之间存在 __ 关系。
A. 聚合 B. 包含 C. 继承/泛化 (✅) D. 扩展
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数据资产的特性包括:可控制、可量化、可变现、虚拟性、共享性、时效性、安全性、交换性和规模性。
英文题
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Accelerated analysis approaches emphasize the construction of 1 to more rapidly identify business and user requirements fo a new system. As an accelerated analysis technology, 2 reads the program code and automatically generates the equivalent system model, and the code can be obtained from 3. All system analysis approaches requires some from of 4 which includes those techniques to be used to identify or extract system problems and solution requirements from user community. 5 is a classical set of techniques used to collect information about system problems, opportunities, solution requirements, and priorities.
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A. object models
B. prototypes (✅)
C. use cases
D. components
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A. eXtreme programming
B. model driven
C. reverse engineering (✅)
D. agile Method
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A. existing database and application program
B. application program and user interface
C. existing database and user interface
D. existing database, application program and user interface (✅)
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A. requirement discovery (✅)
B. business process redesign
C. cause-and-effect analysis
D. total quality management
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A. Continuous process improvement
B. Joint Requirements planning
C. Fact-finding (✅)
D. Structured engineering
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The purpos of systems design is to specify a(n) 1, which defines the technologies to be used to build the proposed infomation systems. This task is accomplished by analyzing the data models and process models that were initially created during 2. The 3 is used to establish physical processes and data stores across a network. To complete this activity, the analyst may involve a number of system designers and 4, which maybe involved in this activity to help address bussness data, process, and location issues. The key inputs to this task are the facts, recommendations, and opinions that are solicited from various sources and the approved 5 from the decision analysis phase.
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A. pyhsical model
B. application architecture (✅)
C. prototype system
D. database schema
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A. requirements analysis (✅)
B. problem analysis
C. cause-effect analysis
D. decision analysis
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A. entity-relation ship diagram
B. physical data flow diagram (✅)
C. data flow diagram
D. physical database model
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A. system analysts
B. system owner
C. system managers
D. system users (✅)
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A. system architecture
B. system model
C. system proposal
D. system operation (✅)
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简答题
Web 系统架构设计
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请用 200 字以内的文字说明什么是面向服务架构(SOA)以及 ESB 在 SOA 中的作用与特点。
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什么是面向服务架构(SOA)
面向服务的体系架构(SOA)是一种粗粒度、松耦合服务架构,服务之间通过简单、精确定义接口进行通信。它可以根据需求通过网络对松散耦合粗粒度应用组件进行分布式部署、组合和使用。SOA 能帮助企业系统架构设计者以更迅速、更可靠、更高重用性设计整个业务系统架构,基于 SOA 的系统能够更加从容地面对业务的急剧变化。
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ESB 在 SOA 中的作用与特点
企业服务总线(ESB)是由中间件技术实现的全面支持面向服务架构的基础软件平台,支持异构环境中的服务以及基于消息和事件驱动模式的交互,并且具有适当的服务质量和可管理性。
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基于 SOA 的系统架构设计图
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列举 3 种可以实现信息系统安全保障的措施
XML 加密模块、WS-Security、防火墙系统、安全检测、网路扫描
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MVC 架构中包含哪三种元素,它们的作用分别是什么?
MVC 架构包含的三种元素是:模型、视图、控制器。模型负责提供操作数据对象;视图负责提供用户操作界面;控制器负责按照输入指令和业务逻辑操作数据对象,并产生输出。
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请说明 EJB 构件中的 Bean(构件)分为哪三种类型,每种类型 Bean 的职责是什么?
EJB 构件中的 Bean 分为三种类型:会话 Bean、实体 Bean 和消息驱动 Bean。会话 Bean 负责处理客户端请求,实体 Bean 负责存储和管理数据,消息驱动 Bean 负责处理异步消息。